Ukugalelwa kwentsimbi kubhekisa kwinkqubo yokugalela okanye yokugalela intsimbi etyhidiweyo kwisingundo ukuze yenze into ekwimo efunwayo.Le nkqubo iqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezininzi kunye namacandelo asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiimoto, ezolimo, ukuveliswa kwamandla, i-oyile kunye negesi, oomatshini bokuvelisa, kunye namacandelo oshishino.
Izixhobo zokwakha kufuneka zomelele, zomelele kwaye zomelele.Kufuneka banciphise iindleko zokugcinwa kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo kunye neemeko zemozulu ezahlukeneyo.Olu hlobo lwezixhobo lukwafuna imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nokusebenza okugqwesileyo.Ngoko ke, intsimbi yenye yezona zinto zisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwimveliso yezixhobo zokwakha.Iimveliso zentsimbi zikwasetyenziswa nakwamanye amashishini anzima, anjengeemoto, imigodi, ukuvelisa umbane, oomatshini bokwenza, i-oyile negesi, izixhobo zombane nezamashishini.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngenxa yeepropathi ezigqwesileyo zeemveliso zokugalela i-aluminiyam (ezifana nokukhaphukhaphu, ukuxhathisa ukubola, kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu), abavelisi balususile ugxininiso lwabo kwiimveliso zentsimbi zesiqhelo zeendawo zemoto ukuphosa ialuminiyam.Ngokomzekelo, i-Aluminium Transportation Group (ATG) ye-Aluminium Association ichaza ukuba kuwo wonke umjikelo wobomi besithuthi, i-aluminium ine-carbon footprint ephantsi kunezinye izinto, ngoko ke ukusetyenziswa kwamacandelo e-aluminium kwizithuthi kunokuphucula uqoqosho.Ubunzima besithuthi bukhaphukhaphu, kokukhona i-fuel encinci kunye namandla afunekayo.Ngapha koko, oku kukhokelela ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwamafutha enjini kunye nokukhutshwa kwekharbon dioksidi yemoto encinci.
Utyalo-mali lukarhulumente kwiziseko ezingundoqo luza kubonelela ngamathuba abalulekileyo kwimarike yokugalela ngentsimbi
Oorhulumente kwihlabathi liphela baceba ukutyala imali kwiiprojekthi zophuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo.Kulindeleke ukuba amazwe aphuhlileyo afana ne-United States, iKhanada, i-United Kingdom, iFransi neJamani atyale imali ekulondolozeni iiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezikhoyo kwaye aza kuphuhlisa iiprojekthi ezintsha.Kwelinye icala, amazwe asakhasayo afana ne-Indiya, iChina, iBrazil noMzantsi Afrika kulindeleke ukuba atyale imali kuphuhliso lweeprojekthi ezintsha.Iiprojekthi zeziseko ezingundoqo ezifana noololiwe, amazibuko, iibhulorho, izibonelelo zokuvelisa kunye neeyunithi zoshishino zifuna isixa esikhulu seemveliso zokugalela intsimbi (ezifana neepleyiti zentsimbi) kunye nezixhobo zokwakha (ezifana nezilayishi).Ezi zixhobo zokwakha nazo zineentsimbi zentsimbi kunye neenxalenye.Ke ngoko, ngexesha loqikelelo, ukonyuka kutyalo-mali kulwakhiwo lweziseko ezingundoqo kunokonyusa imakethi yokuphosa intsimbi.
Intsimbi engwevu inokuchazwa njengentsimbi etyhidiweyo enomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-2% kunye ne-graphite microstructure.Lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwentsimbi ekugaleleni.Ixabiso eliphantsi ngokwentelekiso, liyathambile kwaye liyaqina.Ukusetyenziswa okukhulu kwe-iron engwevu kunokubalelwa kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, njengamandla ayo okuqina kunye namandla esivuno, i-ductility, ukumelana nempembelelo, kunye neendleko eziphantsi zemveliso.Ikhabhoni ephezulu yentsimbi engwevu yenza kube lula ukunyibilika, i-weld kunye nomatshini kwiindawo.
Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokunyuswa kokukhetha kwezinye izinto, isabelo sentengiso yoshishino lwentsimbi engwevu kulindeleke ukuba sehle kancinci.Kwelinye icala, isabelo sentengiso yentsimbi ye-ductile kulindeleke ukuba yonyuke ngexesha lokuqikelela.Eli candelo linokuthi liqhutywe kukukwazi kwentsimbi ye-ductile ukuphuhlisa ibe yintsimbi ekhaphukhaphu.Oku kunokunciphisa iindleko zokuhanjiswa kunye nokubonelela ngeenzuzo zezoqoqosho ngezinye izinto ezifana noyilo kunye nokuguquguquka kwe-metallurgical.
Imizi-mveliso yeemoto kunye nezothutho ngabathengi abaphambili beemveliso zokuphosa intsimbi.Amandla aphezulu okuqina kunye nokuchasana kwempembelelo yeemveliso zokuphosa intsimbi kuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto, ezinje ngee-flywheels, izindlu zokunciphisa, iisistim zebrake, iibhokisi zegiya kunye nokuphosa utyalo-mali.Ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwezithuthi zabucala nezikawonke-wonke kwihlabathi liphela, kulindeleke ukuba icandelo leemoto nezothutho lifumane isabelo sentengiso ngo-2026.
Ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwemibhobho yentsimbi kunye nokufakelwa kumashishini afana nokuveliswa kwamandla, i-oyile kunye negesi, kunye nokuveliswa, isabelo semibhobho kunye nokufakelwa sinokunyuka.Phantse zonke iintlobo zeemveliso zentsimbi zisetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwemibhobho, izixhobo kunye nezinto ezinxulumene nazo.
UPhando lweMarike eNgafihliyo yinkampani yobukrelekrele bentengiso yehlabathi ebonelela ngeengxelo zolwazi lweshishini lehlabathi kunye neenkonzo.Indibaniselwano yethu eyodwa yoqikelelo lobungakanani kunye nohlalutyo lwentsingiselo ibonelela ngemibono ejonge phambili kumawakawaka abenzi bezigqibo.Iqela lethu labahlalutyi abanamava, abaphandi kunye nabacebisi basebenzisa imithombo yedatha yobunini kunye nezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobuchule bokuqokelela nokuhlalutya ulwazi.
Indawo yethu yokugcina idatha ihlaziywa rhoqo kwaye ihlaziywa liqela leengcaphephe zophando ukuze zihlale zibonisa iintsingiselo kunye nolwazi lwamva nje.Inkampani yophando lwemalike ecacileyo inophando olubanzi kunye namandla okuhlalutya, isebenzisa iindlela ezingqongqo zophando olusisiseko kunye nesekondari ukuphuhlisa iiseti zedatha eyodwa kunye nezixhobo zophando kwiingxelo zoshishino.